Closes an open database.
You should always specify the Wait qualifier, unless you are
attempting to recover from some failure. When you specify the
Wait qualifier, Oracle RMU performs all the auxiliary actions
required to close and recover the database clusterwide, and it
does not return the system prompt until those actions have been
completed.
If you use the RMU Close command with the Nowait qualifier, the
database must be open on the node where you issue the command.
Otherwise, you will receive an error message stating that the
database is not known. The system prompt is returned immediately,
but it is only an indication that the database will be closed
as soon as all other users have finished accessing the database.
Therefore, the Wait qualifier is used almost exclusively.
1 – Description
The RMU Close command closes an open database. A database root
file is considered open if it has been specified in a previous
RMU Open command or has active users attached to it.
You can close the database immediately by specifying the Abort
qualifier, or you can allow current users to finish their session
by specifying the Noabort qualifier.
If you have specified manual opening for your database (with
the OPEN IS MANUAL clause of the SQL ALTER DATABASE statement),
you must use the RMU Open command to manually open the database
before any users can invoke it and the RMU Close command to
manually close the database.
If you have specified automatic opening for your database
(with the OPEN IS AUTOMATIC clause of the SQL ALTER DATABASE
statement), the RMU Close command affects current database users
only. Current processes are detached from the database but they
and new processes can immediately reattach to the database.
Use the RMU Show Users command to display information about
databases currently in use on your node. Use the RMU Dump Users
command to display information about databases currently in use
on your cluster.
2 – Format
(B)0[m RMU/Close root-file-spec [,...]
[4mCommand[m [4mQualifiers[m x [4mDefaults[m
x
/[No]Abort=option x /Abort=Forcex
/[No]Cluster x See description
/Path x None
/[No]Statistics=Export x /Nostatistics
/[No]Wait x /Nowait
3 – Parameters
3.1 – root-file-spec
root-file-spec[,...]
An open database root file. The default file extension is .rdb.
4 – Command Qualifiers
4.1 – Abort
Abort=option
Noabort
Specifies whether to close the database immediately or allow
processes to complete.
The Abort qualifier has two options. Both refer to OpenVMS system
services. The options are as follows:
o Forcex
When you use the Forcex (forced exit) option, recovery units
are recovered and no recovery-unit journal (.ruj) files are
left in the directories. Therefore, the RMU Backup command
works. The option cannot force an exit of a database process
with a spawned subprocess or a suspended or swapped out
process. It aborts batch jobs that are using the database.
Forcex is the default.
o Delprc
When you use the Delprc (delete process) option, recovery
units are not recovered. The .ruj files are left in the
directories to be recovered on the next invocation of the
database. The processes and any subprocesses of all database
users are deleted, thereby deleting the processes from the
database. Therefore, if you attempt to issue an RMU Backup
command, you might receive the following error message:
%RMU-F-MUSTRECDB, database must be closed or recovered
The Delprc and Forcex options are based on OpenVMS system
services $DELPRC and $FORCEX. Refer to the OpenVMS documentation
set for more information.
With the Noabort option, users already attached to the database
can continue, and the root file global sections remain mapped
in the virtual address file contents until all users exit
the database. No new users will be allowed to attach to the
database. When all current images terminate, Oracle RMU closes
the database.
4.2 – Cluster
Cluster
Nocluster
Specifying the Cluster qualifier causes Oracle RMU to attempt
to close a database on all nodes in a clustered environment
that currently have the database open. Specifying the Cluster
qualifier is similar to issuing the RMU Close command on every
node in the cluster. Specifying the Nocluster qualifier causes
Oracle RMU to close a database only on the cluster node from
which you issue the RMU Close command.
The default is the Cluster qualifier if you specify the Wait
qualifier. The default is the Nocluster qualifier if you specify
the Nowait qualifier.
The following list describes the behavior of the command when
you use various combinations of the [No]Cluster and [No]Wait
qualifiers together in the same command line:
o Cluster and Wait
When you specify the Cluster and Wait qualifiers, the RMU
Close command closes the database on every node in the
cluster, even if the database is not opened on the node from
which the command is issued.
Because you specified the Cluster and Wait qualifiers, the RMU
Close command closes and recovers the database on every node
in the cluster before the DCL prompt is returned to you.
o Cluster and Nowait
When you specify the Cluster and Nowait qualifiers, the RMU
Close command attempts to close the database on every node in
the cluster. If the database is not opened on the node from
which the Oracle RMU command is issued, the command cannot
close the database on any node, and you receive the following
error message:
%RDMS-F-CANTCLOSEDB, database could not be closed as requested
-RDMS-F-DBNOTACTIVE, database is not being used
%RMU-W-FATALERR, fatal error on DISK1:[USER1]DATABASE.RDB;1
Because you used the Nowait qualifier, the database might
not yet be closed on one or more nodes when the DCL prompt is
returned to you. When you specify the Nowait qualifier, you
can receive SYS-F-ACCONFLICT errors when you attempt to access
a database after you have issued the RMU Close command with
the Cluster and Nowait qualifiers and the DCL prompt has been
returned, but the monitor has not yet closed the database on
all nodes in the cluster.
o Nocluster and Wait
This combination provides the ability to have database
shutdown complete on the local node before Oracle RMU returns
to the DCL prompt.
o Nocluster and Nowait
When you specify the Nocluster and Nowait qualifiers, Oracle
RMU closes the database only on the node from which you issue
the command, regardless of whether or not the database is open
on other nodes.
Because you used the Nowait qualifier, the database might not
yet be closed on the node from which you issued the command
when the DCL prompt is returned to you. With the Nowait
qualifier, you can receive SYS-F-ACCONFLICT errors when you
attempt to access a database after you have issued the RMU
Close command with the Cluster and Nowait qualifiers and the
DCL prompt has been returned, but the monitor has not yet
closed the database on all nodes in the cluster.
4.3 – Path
Specifies the full or relative data dictionary path name in which
the definitions reside for the database you want to close.
The Path qualifier is a positional qualifier. Positional
qualifiers operate on specific parameters based on the placement
of the qualifiers in the command line. The path name cannot
include wildcard characters.
4.4 – Statistics=Export
Statistics=Export
Nostatistics
Specifies that statistic information is to be saved when the
database is closed. The default is Nostatistics, which indicates
that statistic information is not preserved when the database is
closed.
Clusterwide statistic information is not stored in the statistic
file, which allows you to decide on which nodes the statistic
information should be initially loaded when the database is
opened.
The statistic information is stored in a node-specific database
file located in the same directory as the database root file.
The file has the same name as the root-file-spec, with a default
file extension of .rds. Because the statistic files contain node-
specific information, they cannot be renamed or copied. They can
be deleted if they are no longer needed.
The Statistics=Export qualifier cannot be specified in
conjunction with the Cluster qualifier. To preserve the
statistics information for a database open on a cluster, you
must specifically close the individual nodes.
The RMU Backup command does not save the statistics files. They
are considered temporary files and not part of the database.
4.5 – Wait
Wait
Nowait
Specify the Wait qualifier to cause Oracle RMU to close and
recover the database before the system prompt is returned to
you.
The default is the Nowait qualifier. With the Nowait qualifier,
the database might not be closed when the system prompt is
returned to you. You can receive errors when you attempt to
access a database after you issued the RMU Close command and
the system prompt is returned, but before the monitor has closed
the database.
See the Usage Notes for restrictions on using the Wait qualifier.
5 – Usage Notes
o To use the RMU Close command for a database, you must have the
RMU$OPEN privilege in the root file access control list (ACL)
for the database or the OpenVMS WORLD privilege.
o To use the Wait qualifier, Oracle RMU requires that the
database be recoverable for correct operation. It must be
possible to attach to the database on a node where it is
opened. There are database recovery failures that preclude
further attaches to the database. When such a failure occurs,
any attempt to attach to the database (for example, with an
SQL ATTACH statement) causes the process to be deleted from
the system. In other words, you are logged out.
In this situation, the RMU Close command with the Wait
qualifier has the same effect as the RMU Close command with
the Cluster and Nowait qualifiers. The operation does not
wait, and it does not close the database unless it is opened
on the node from which you issue the Oracle RMU command.
If you encounter this situation, enter the following command
from a node on which the database is open to close the
database:
$ RMU/CLOSE/CLUSTER/NOWAIT/ABORT=DELPRC
6 – Examples
Example 1
When you issue the following command from a node in a cluster,
the Cluster qualifier shuts down the database for the entire
cluster, even if no users are on the node from which you issued
the command. The Wait qualifier causes Oracle RMU to close the
database before the system prompt is returned.
$ RMU/CLOSE/CLUSTER/WAIT MF_PERSONNEL.RDB
Example 2
The following command closes the mf_personnel database in the
[.WORK] directory, all the databases in the [.TEST] directory,
and the databases specified by the path names CDD$TOP.FINANCE and
SAMPLE_DB:
$ RMU/CLOSE DISK1:[WORK]MF_PERSONNEL, CDD$TOP.FINANCE/PATH, -
_$ DISK1:[TEST]*, SAMPLE_DB/PATH