Converts a wide-character string in a specified base to a long
    integer value.

    Format

      #include  <wchar.h>

      long int wcstol  (const wchar_t *nptr, wchar_t **endptr, int base);

1  –  Function Variants

    The wcstol function has variants named _wcstol32 and _wcstol64
    for use with 32-bit and 64-bit pointer sizes, respectively.

2  –  Arguments

 nptr

    A pointer to the wide-character string to be converted to a long
    integer.

 endptr

    The address of an object where the function can store a pointer
    to the first unrecognized character encountered in the conversion
    process (the character that follows the last character processed
    in the string being converted). If endptr is a NULL pointer, the
    address of the first unrecognized character is not retained.

 base

    The value, 2 through 36, to use as the base for the conversion.

    If base is 16, leading zeros after the optional sign are ignored,
    and 0x or 0X is ignored.

    If base is 0, the sequence of characters is interpreted by the
    same rules used to interpret an integer constant. After the
    optional sign:

    o  A leading 0 indicates octal conversion.

    o  A leading 0x or 0X indicates hexadecimal conversion.

    o  Any other combination of leading characters indicates decimal
       conversion.

3  –  Description

    The wcstol function recognizes strings in various formats,
    depending on the value of the base. This function ignores any
    leading white-space characters (as defined by the iswspace
    function) in the given string. It recognizes an optional plus
    or minus sign, then a sequence of digits or letters that can
    represent an integer constant according to the value of the base.
    The first unrecognized character ends the conversion.

4  –  Return Values

    x                  The converted value.
    0                  Indicates that the string starts with an
                       unrecognized wide character or that the value
                       for base is invalid. If the string starts with
                       an unrecognized wide character, *endptr is set
                       to nptr. The function sets errno to EINVAL.
    LONG_MAX or LONG_  Indicates that the converted value would cause
    MIN                a positive or negative overflow, respectively.
                       The function sets errno to ERANGE.